- Sankara Acarya
- Santaraksita
- Sapir, Edward
- Schelling, F. W. J.
- Schestov, Lev
- Schopenhauer, Arthur
- Seneca
- Shah, Idries
- Sharma, Chandradhar
- Sharma, Dhirendra
- Sharma, R. M.
- Singh, Balbir
- Sinha, Jadunath
- Spengler, Oswald
- Stcherbatsky, Th.
- Stoyanov, Zlatko
- Swami Prabhavananda
- Swami Satprakashananda